Conservation, management, and protection of harbor seats come under the purview of the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) of 1972 (Public Law 92-522). A primary directive of the MMPA is to protect marine mammal stocks from declining below their optimum sustainable population. To fulfill this directive in California, the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), in cooperation with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), has been conducting annual, state-wide, aerial surveys of harbor seals to assess the status of the population.